Richard III

Act 3, Scene 1

The trumpets sound. Enter the young PRINCE theCARDINAL, CATESBY, and others

The trumpets sound. The young PRINCE theCARDINAL, CATESBY, and others

BUCKINGHAM

Welcome, sweet prince, to London, to your chamber.

BUCKINGHAM

Welcome, sweet prince, to London, the capital of the king.

RICHARD

(to PRINCE) Welcome, dear cousin, my thoughts’ sovereign.

The weary way hath made you melancholy.

RICHARD

Welcome, dear nephew, king of all my thoughts. The tiring journey seems to have made you gloomy.

PRINCE

No, uncle, but our crosses on the way

Have made it tedious, wearisome, and heavy.

I want more uncles here to welcome me.

PRINCE

It wasn’t the journey itself, uncle, but the troubles we encountered that made it wearisome and dull. I want more uncles here to welcome me.

RICHARD

Sweet prince, the untainted virtue of your years

Hath not yet dived into the world’s deceit;

Nor more can you distinguish of a man

Than of his outward show, which, God He knows,

Seldom or never jumpeth with the heart.

Those uncles which you want were dangerous.

Your Grace attended to their sugared words

But looked not on the poison of their hearts.

God keep you from them, and from such false friends.

RICHARD

Sweet prince, you’re just an innocent child. You don’t really understand how capable people are of trickery. All you know is what a man shows you, which has little to do with what he’s really thinking. Those uncles that you wish were here were dangerous. Your Grace heard their saccharine words, but didn’t take note of their poisonous intentions. God protect you from them and from other false friends!

PRINCE

God keep me from false friends, but they were none.

PRINCE

God should keep me from false friends, but they weren’t false.

RICHARD

My lord, the mayor of London comes to greet you.

RICHARD

My lord, the mayor of London is here to greet you.

Enter the LORD MAYOR and his train

The LORD MAYOR and his train enter.

LORD MAYOR

God bless your Grace with health and happy days.

LORD MAYOR

God bless your Grace with health and happy days.

PRINCE

I thank you, good my lord, and thank you all.—

I thought my mother and my brother York

Would long ere this have met us on the way.

Fie, what a slug is Hastings that he comes not

To tell us whether they will come or no!

PRINCE

Thank you, my good lord, thank you all. I thought my mother and my brother, York, would have met us on our way here long before now. And what a slug Hastings is that he hasn’t even arrived to tell us whether they’re coming!

Enter HASTINGS

HASTINGS enters.

BUCKINGHAM

And in good time here comes the sweating lord.

BUCKINGHAM

And, just in time, here comes the sweaty lord.

PRINCE

Welcome, my lord. What, will our mother come?

PRINCE

Welcome, my lord. What, isn’t my mother coming?

HASTINGS

On what occasion God He knows, not I,

The queen your mother and your brother York

Have taken sanctuary. The tender prince

Would fain have come with me to meet your Grace,

But by his mother was perforce withheld.

HASTINGS

God knows why, but your mother and your brother have taken sanctuary in Westminster Abbey. Your sweet brother wanted to come meet you, but his mother wouldn’t let him.

BUCKINGHAM

Fie, what an indirect and peevish course

Is this of hers! —Lord Cardinal, will your Grace

Persuade the queen to send the duke of York

Unto his princely brother presently?—

If she deny, Lord Hastings, go with him,

And from her jealous arms pluck him perforce.

BUCKINGHAM

Damn, what a sneaky and spiteful course your mother is taking!—Lord Cardinal, will you please persuade the queen to hurry and send the duke of York here?—Go with him, Lord Hastings, and if she refuses, take the boy from her by force.

CARDINAL

My Lord of Buckingham, if my weak oratory

Can from his mother win the duke of York,

Anon expect him here; but if she be obdurate

To mild entreaties, God in heaven forbid

We should infringe the holy privilege

Of blessèd sanctuary! Not for all this land

Would I be guilty of so deep a sin.

CARDINAL

My Lord of Buckingham, if my weak skills of persuasion convince his mother to part with the duke of York, you can expect him here shortly. But if she resists my mild pleas, let God in heaven forbid us from disobeying the holy laws of the sanctuary and taking the child from her. I wouldn’t commit so serious a crime for anything.

BUCKINGHAM

You are too senseless obstinate, my lord,

Too ceremonious and traditional.

Weigh it but with the grossness of this age,

You break not sanctuary in seizing him.

The benefit thereof is always granted

To those whose dealings have deserved the place

And those who have the wit to claim the place.

This prince hath neither claimed it nor deserved it

And therefore, in mine opinion, cannot have it.

Then taking him from thence that is not there,

You break no privilege nor charter there.

Oft have I heard of sanctuary men,

But sanctuary children, ne’er till now.

BUCKINGHAM

You are too inexplicably stubborn, my lord, too stuck on ceremony. In these less dainty times, you’re not breaking the laws of sanctuary to seize him. It’s only a sanctuary for those who really need protection or those who are smart enough to claim they do. The prince has done neither; therefore, in my opinion, he isn’t really protected by sanctuary. You’re not breaking any holy laws to take him away. Often I have heard of “sanctuary men,” but until now I’ve never heard of “sanctuary children.”

CARDINAL

My lord, you shall o’errule my mind for once.—

Come on, Lord Hastings, will you go with me?

CARDINAL

My lord, you’ve won me over this time. Lord Hastings, will you go with me?

HASTINGS

I go, my lord.

HASTINGS

I’m coming, my lord.

PRINCE

Good lords, make all the speedy haste you may.

PRINCE

Go as fast as you can.

Exeunt CARDINAL and HASTINGS

CARDINAL and HASTINGS exit.

Say, uncle Gloucester, if our brother come,

Where shall we sojourn till our coronation?

Say, uncle Richard, if my brother comes, where will I stay till my coronation?

RICHARD

Where it seems best unto your royal self.

If I may counsel you, some day or two

Your Highness shall repose you at the Tower;

Then where you please and shall be thought most fit

For your best health and recreation.

RICHARD

Whatever seems best to you. If I can give you some advice, if I were you, I would stay in the Tower for a day or two. Then you can stay wherever best suits your health and entertainment needs.

PRINCE

I do not like the Tower, of any place.—

Did Julius Caesar build that place, my lord?

PRINCE

Of all places, I don’t like the Tower. Didn’t Julius Caesar build it, my lord?

BUCKINGHAM

He did, my gracious lord, begin that place,

Which, since, succeeding ages have re-edified.

BUCKINGHAM

He started it, my noble lord, and succeeding generations rebuilt it.

PRINCE

Is it upon record, or else reported

Successively from age to age, he built it?

PRINCE

Is it on record that he built it, or is it just word of mouth?

BUCKINGHAM

Upon record, my gracious lord.

BUCKINGHAM

On record, my gracious lord.

PRINCE

But say, my lord, it were not registered,

Methinks the truth should live from age to age,

As ’twere retailed to all posterity,

Even to the general all-ending day.

PRINCE

Well, I think that even if it weren’t on record, the truth would be remembered from one generation to the next—all the way to Doomsday.

RICHARD

(aside) So wise so young, they say, do never live long.

RICHARD

(to himself) As the saying goes, “Those that are this wise when they’re this young won’t live long.”

PRINCE

What say you, uncle?

PRINCE

What did you say, uncle?

RICHARD

I say, without characters fame lives long.

(aside) Thus, like the formal Vice, Iniquity,

I moralize two meanings in one word.

RICHARD

I said, “When there are no written records, a person’s fame lasts for a long time.” (to himself) Like Injustice, I get two meanings out of one word.

PRINCE

That Julius Caesar was a famous man.

With what his valor did enrich his wit,

His wit set down to make his valor live.

Death makes no conquest of this conqueror,

For now he lives in fame, though not in life.

I’ll tell you what, my cousin Buckingham—

PRINCE

That Julius Caesar was a famous man. His courage helped his cleverness, and his cleverness made sure that his reputation for being courageous outlived him. Death didn’t conquer this conqueror, for he lives on in his fame, even though he’s dead. I’ll tell you what, my cousin Buckingham—

BUCKINGHAM

What, my gracious lord?

BUCKINGHAM

What, my dear lord?

PRINCE

An if I live until I be a man,

I’ll win our ancient right in France again

Or die a soldier, as I lived a king.

PRINCE

If I live to be a man, I’ll win France again or die a soldier, as honorably as I lived as a king.

RICHARD

(aside) Short summers lightly have a forward spring.

RICHARD

(to himself) As the saying goes, “Short summers often have an early spring.” This smarty-pants won’t live long.

Enter young YORK, HASTINGS, and the CARDINAL

Young YORK, HASTINGS, and the CARDINAL enter.

BUCKINGHAM

Now in good time here comes the duke of York.

BUCKINGHAM

Making good time, here’s the duke of York.

PRINCE

Richard of York, how fares our loving brother?

PRINCE

Richard of York, how are you doing, my loving brother?

YORK

Well, my dread lord—so must I call you now.

YORK

Very well, my supreme lord—that’s what I have to call you now.

PRINCE

Ay, brother, to our grief, as it is yours.

Too late he died that might have kept that title,

Which by his death hath lost much majesty.

PRINCE

Yes, brother, I feel bad about that, too. The man who might have kept that title died too soon, and now it isn’t worth nearly as much.

RICHARD

How fares our cousin, noble Lord of York?

RICHARD

How’s my nephew doing, noble lord of York?

YORK

I thank you, gentle uncle. O, my lord,

You said that idle weeds are fast in growth.

The prince my brother hath outgrown me far.

YORK

Thank you for asking, uncle. Oh, my lord, you once said that lazy weeds grow fast. The prince has far outgrown me.

RICHARD

He hath, my lord.

RICHARD

He has, my lord.

YORK

And therefore is he idle?

YORK

Does that mean he’s lazy?

RICHARD

O, my fair cousin, I must not say so.

RICHARD

Oh, my handsome nephew, I must not say that.

YORK

Then is he more beholding to you than I.

YORK

In that case, he’s more obliged to you than I am.

RICHARD

He may command me as my sovereign,

But you have power in me as in a kinsman.

RICHARD

He may command me as my king, but you still have power over me as a relative.

YORK

I pray you, uncle, give me this dagger.

YORK

Uncle, please give me your dagger.

RICHARD

My dagger, little cousin? With all my heart.

RICHARD

My dagger, little nephew? With all my heart.

PRINCE

A beggar, brother?

PRINCE

Are you begging, brother?

YORK

Of my kind uncle, that I know will give,

And being but a toy, which is no grief to give.

YORK

From my kind uncle, who I know will give it to me, especially as it’s not worth much.

RICHARD

A greater gift than that I’ll give my cousin.

RICHARD

I’ll give you a greater gift than that, nephew.

YORK

A greater gift? O, that’s the sword to it.

YORK

A greater gift? That must mean a sword.

RICHARD

Ay, gentle cousin, were it light enough.

RICHARD

Yes, gentle cousin, if it were light enough for you.

YORK

O, then I see you will part but with light gifts.

In weightier things you’ll say a beggar nay.

YORK

Oh, I see, you will only part with lightweight presents. For more important things, you’ll say no.

RICHARD

It is too heavy for your Grace to wear.

RICHARD

A sword’s too heavy for you to wear.

YORK

I weigh it lightly, were it heavier.

YORK

I wouldn’t think much of it even if it were heavier.

RICHARD

What, would you have my weapon, little lord?

RICHARD

What, do you want to wear my weapon, little lord?

YORK

I would, that I might thank you as you call me.

YORK

I do, so I can thank you for what you called me.

RICHARD

How?

RICHARD

What’s that?

YORK

Little.

YORK

“Little.”

PRINCE

My lord of York will still be cross in talk.

Uncle, your Grace knows how to bear with him.

PRINCE

The lord of York is always a bit perverse in his chatter. But, uncle, you know how to bear with him.

YORK

You mean, to bear me, not to bear with me.—

Uncle, my brother mocks both you and me.

Because that I am little, like an ape,

He thinks that you should bear me on your shoulders.

YORK

You mean, to bear me, not to bear with me. Uncle, my brother makes fun of both of us. Because I’m little, like an ape, he thinks you should bear me on your shoulders, like a fool.

BUCKINGHAM

(aside) With what a sharp-provided wit he reasons!

To mitigate the scorn he gives his uncle,

He prettily and aptly taunts himself.

So cunning and so young is wonderful.

BUCKINGHAM

(to himself) What a sharp mind this boy has! To make up for his scorn toward his uncle, he makes fun of himself as well. It’s amazing that he’s so cunning at his age.

RICHARD

(to PRINCE) My lord, will ’t please you pass along?

Myself and my good cousin Buckingham

Will to your mother, to entreat of her

To meet you at the Tower and welcome you.

RICHARD

(to PRINCE) My lord, will you please continue on your way to the Tower? My good cousin Buckingham and I will go to your mother and ask her to meet you there.

YORK

(to PRINCE) What, will you go unto the Tower, my lord?

YORK

(to PRINCE) What, you’re going to the Tower, my lord?

PRINCE

My lord protector needs will have it so.

PRINCE

My protector, Richard, insists on it.

YORK

I shall not sleep in quiet at the Tower.

YORK

I can’t sleep quietly in the Tower.

RICHARD

Why, what should you fear?

RICHARD

Why, what are you afraid of?

YORK

Marry, my uncle Clarence’ angry ghost.

My grandam told me he was murdered there.

YORK

My uncle Clarence’s angry ghost. My grandmother told me he was murdered there.

PRINCE

I fear no uncles dead.

PRINCE

I’m not afraid of dead uncles.

RICHARD

Nor none that live, I hope.

RICHARD

Nor living ones, I hope.

PRINCE

An if they live, I hope I need not fear.

(to YORK) But come, my lord. With a heavy heart,

Thinking on them, go I unto the Tower.

PRINCE

Well, I hope not. (to YORK) But come, my lord. With a heavy heart, thinking about my dead uncles, I will go to the Tower.

A sennet. Exeunt all but RICHARD, BUCKINGHAM, and CATESBY

A trumpet sounds. Everyone except RICHARD, BUCKINGHAM, and CATESBY exits.

BUCKINGHAM

Think you, my lord, this little prating York

Was not incensèd by his subtle mother

To taunt and scorn you thus opprobriously?

BUCKINGHAM

Richard, don’t you think this chattering little York was encouraged to taunt you by his sneaky mother in that outrageous way?

RICHARD

No doubt, no doubt. O, ’tis a parlous boy,

Bold, quick, ingenious, forward, capable.

He is all the mother’s, from the top to toe.

RICHARD

No doubt, no doubt. Oh, he’s a dangerously clever boy—bold, quick-witted, capable. He’s his mother’s child from head to toe.

BUCKINGHAM

Well, let them rest.—Come hither, Catesby.

Thou art sworn as deeply to effect what we intend

As closely to conceal what we impart.

Thou knowest our reasons, urged upon the way.

What thinkest thou? Is it not an easy matter

To make William Lord Hastings of our mind

For the installment of this noble duke

In the seat royal of this famous isle?

BUCKINGHAM

Well, enough about them.—Come here, Catesby. You’ve sworn to participate in our plot and to keep it a secret. What do you think: wouldn’t it be easy to convince Lord Hastings to join us in installing Richard as king of England?

CATESBY

He, for his father’s sake, so loves the prince

That he will not be won to aught against him.

CATESBY

Hastings loved the prince’s father so much that we won’t be able to persuade him to do anything against the prince.

BUCKINGHAM

What think’st thou then of Stanley? Will not he?

BUCKINGHAM

What about Stanley? Won’t he join us?

CATESBY

He will do all in all as Hastings doth.

CATESBY

He’ll do whatever Hastings does.

BUCKINGHAM

Well then, no more but this: go, gentle Catesby,

And, as it were far off, sound thou Lord Hastings

How he doth stand affected to our purpose

And summon him tomorrow to the Tower

To sit about the coronation.

If thou dost find him tractable to us,

Encourage him and show him all our reasons.

If he be leaden, icy, cold, unwilling,

Be thou so too, and so break off the talk,

And give us notice of his inclination;

For we tomorrow hold divided councils,

Wherein thyself shalt highly be employed.

BUCKINGHAM

Okay, just do this, noble Catesby: sound out Lord Hastings, but make it seem as if you’re just mulling over the idea, that it hasn’t been firmed up yet. Invite him to come to the Tower tomorrow for the coronation ceremony. If he seems game to our plan, encourage him to join us and explain all our reasons. But if he’s resistant and chilly, then be like that too and break off the conversation. Let us know how he responds. Tomorrow we’re going to hold two separate meetings, one for those who are with us and one for those who aren’t. You’ll have a lot to do in these meetings.

RICHARD

Commend me to Lord William. Tell him, Catesby,

His ancient knot of dangerous adversaries

Tomorrow are let blood at Pomfret castle,

And bid my lord, for joy of this good news,

Give mistress Shore one gentle kiss the more.

RICHARD

Give my regards to Hastings, Catesby. Tell him the nest of dangerous enemies that plagued him for years will die tomorrow at Pomfret. And tell him to give Mistress Shore one extra kiss to celebrate this good news.

BUCKINGHAM

Good Catesby, go effect this business soundly.

BUCKINGHAM

Good Catesby, do your work well.

CATESBY

My good lords both, with all the heed I can.

CATESBY

My good lords, I plan to.

RICHARD

Shall we hear from you, Catesby, ere we sleep?

RICHARD

Will we hear from you before bedtime, Catesby?

CATESBY

You shall, my lord.

CATESBY

You will, my lord.

RICHARD

At Crosby Place, there shall you find us both.

RICHARD

You’ll find us both at Crosby Place.

Exit CATESBY

CATESBY exits.

BUCKINGHAM

Now, my lord, what shall we do, if we perceive

Lord Hastings will not yield to our complots?

BUCKINGHAM

Now, my lord, what are we going to do if we find that Lord Hastings won’t go along with our plans?

RICHARD

Chop off his head. Something we will determine.

And look when I am king, claim thou of me

The earldom of Hereford, and all the moveables

Whereof the king my brother was possessed.

RICHARD

Chop off his head. Whatever we decide to do. And when I’m king, remember to ask me for the earldom of Hereford and all the possessions that go with it, which my brother the king used to own.

BUCKINGHAM

I’ll claim that promise at your Grace’s hands.

BUCKINGHAM

I look forward to that present.

RICHARD

And look to have it yielded with all kindness.

Come, let us sup betimes, that afterwards

We may digest our complots in some form.

RICHARD

You’ll find I’ll give it to you very willingly. Come, let’s have an early dinner so that we have time to work out our plans.

Exeunt

They exit.