Hamlet

Act 2, Scene 1

Enter POLONIUS with his man REYNALDO

POLONIUS enters with his servant REYNALDO.

POLONIUS

Give him this money and these notes, Reynaldo.

POLONIUS

Give him this money and these letters, Reynaldo.

REYNALDO

I will, my lord.

REYNALDO

I will, sir.

POLONIUS

You shall do marvelous wisely, good Reynaldo,

Before you visit him, to make inquire

Of his behavior.

POLONIUS

It would be wonderfully wise of you, my dear Reynaldo, to ask around about his behavior a little before you visit him.

REYNALDO

My lord, I did intend it.

REYNALDO

That’s what I thought too, sir.

POLONIUS

Marry, well said, very well said. Look you, sir,

Inquire me first what Danskers are in Paris,

And how, and who, what means, and where they keep

What company at what expense; and finding

By this encompassment and drift of question

That they do know my son, come you more nearer

Than your particular demands will touch it.

Take you, as ’twere, some distant knowledge of him,

As thus: “I know his father and his friends,

And, in part, him.” Do you mark this, Reynaldo?

POLONIUS

Excellent, very good. Ask around and find out what Danish people are in Paris—who they are, where they live and how much money they have, who their friends are. And if you find out in this general sort of questioning that they happen to know my son, you’ll find out much more than if you asked specific questions about him. Just tell them you vaguely know Laertes, say something like, “I’m a friend of his father and I sort of know him,” or whatever. Do you get what I’m saying, Reynaldo?

REYNALDO

Ay, very well, my lord.

REYNALDO

Yes, very well, sir.

POLONIUS

“And in part him, but,” you may say, “not well.

But, if ’t be he I mean, he’s very wild.

Addicted so and so.—” And there put on him

What forgeries you please. Marry, none so rank

As may dishonor him. Take heed of that.

But, sir, such wanton, wild, and usual slips

As are companions noted and most known

To youth and liberty.

POLONIUS

You should say, “I sort of know him, but not well. Is it the same Laertes who’s a wild party animal? Isn’t he the one who’s always,” and so on. Then just make up whatever you want—of course, nothing so bad that it would shame him. I mean make up any stories that sound like your average young guy, the kind of trouble they get into.

REYNALDO

As gaming, my lord?

REYNALDO

Like gambling, sir?

POLONIUS

Ay, or drinking, fencing, swearing,

Quarreling, drabbing—you may go so far.

POLONIUS

That’s right, or drinking, swearing, fist-fighting, visiting prostitutes—that kind of thing.

REYNALDO

My lord, that would dishonor him!

REYNALDO

But that would ruin his reputation!

POLONIUS

’Faith, no, as you may season it in the charge.

You must not put another scandal on him

That he is open to incontinency.

That’s not my meaning. But breathe his faults so quaintly

That they may seem the taints of liberty,

The flash and outbreak of a fiery mind,

A savageness in unreclaimèd blood,

Of general assault.

POLONIUS

Oh no, not if you say it right. I don’t want you to say he’s a sex fiend, that’s not what I mean. Just mention his faults lightly, so they make him seem like a free spirit who’s gone a little too far.

REYNALDO

But, my good lord—

REYNALDO

But, sir—

POLONIUS

Wherefore should you do this?

POLONIUS

Why should you do this, you want to know?

REYNALDO

Ay, my lord. I would know that.

REYNALDO

Yes, sir. I’d like to know.

POLONIUS

Marry, sir, here’s my drift:

(And I believe it is a fetch of wit)

You, laying these slight sullies on my son

As ’twere a thing a little soiled i’ th’ working—

Mark you, your party in converse, him you would sound,

Having ever seen in the prenominate crimes

The youth you breathe of guilty, be assured

He closes with you in this consequence:

“Good sir” or so, or “Friend,” or “Gentleman,”

According to the phrase or the addition

Of man and country.

POLONIUS

Well, here’s what I’m thinking. (I’m quite proud of myself for coming up with this.) As you talk with someone and hint about my son’s faults and little sins, you’ll watch his reaction, and if he’s ever seen Laertes do any of these things, it will only be natural for him to agree with you, at which point he’ll call you “sir,” or “my good friend,” depending on who the person is, where he comes from, and so on.

REYNALDO

Very good, my lord.

REYNALDO

Yes, sir.

POLONIUS

And then, sir, does he this, he does— What was I about to say? By the mass, I was about to say something. Where did I leave?

POLONIUS

And then he’ll … he’ll … wait, what was I about to say? Good God, I was about to say something. What was I saying?

REYNALDO

At “closes in the consequence,” at “friend,

Or so” and “gentleman.”

REYNALDO

At, “It will be natural for him to agree with you” he’ll call you “sir,” “friend,” et cetera.

POLONIUS

At “closes in the consequence.” Ay, marry.

He closes thus: “I know the gentleman.

I saw him yesterday”—or “t’ other day,”

Or then, or then, with such or such—“and, as you say,

There was he gaming, there o’ertook in’s rouse,

There falling out at tennis,” or, perchance,

“I saw him enter such a house of sale”—

Videlicet a brothel, or so forth. See you now,

Your bait of falsehood takes this carp of truth.

And thus do we of wisdom and of reach,

With windlasses and with assays of bias,

By indirections find directions out.

So by my former lecture and advice

Shall you my son. You have me, have you not?

POLONIUS

“It will be natural for him to agree with you.” Ah, yes, that’s right. If he agrees he’ll say something like this: “Yes, I know the gentleman you’re referring to. I just saw him yesterday,” or “the other day,” or whenever it is, you know, “and there he was gambling,” or “there he was, totally wasted, or fighting with somebody about a tennis match, or going into a house of ill repute”—that means a whorehouse, you know—or whatever. Make sure your little lie brings out the truth. We’re doing this wisely and intelligently, indirectly, finding out things by roundabout means. That’s how you’ll find out what my son is up to in Paris. You get my point, don’t you?

REYNALDO

My lord, I have.

REYNALDO

Yes, I do, sir.

POLONIUS

God be wi’ you. Fare you well.

POLONIUS

God bless you. Have a safe trip.

REYNALDO

Good my lord.

REYNALDO

Thank you, sir.

POLONIUS

Observe his inclination in yourself.

POLONIUS

Don’t forget to see what he’s up to with your own eyes. Don’t trust gossip.

REYNALDO

I shall, my lord.

REYNALDO

I will, sir.

POLONIUS

And let him ply his music.

POLONIUS

And I hope he’s studying his music like he’s supposed to.

REYNALDO

Well, my lord.

REYNALDO

Got it, sir.

POLONIUS

Farewell.

POLONIUS

Good-bye.

Exit REYNALDO

REYNALDO exits.

Enter OPHELIA

OPHELIA enters.

How now, Ophelia? What’s the matter?

Ophelia, what’s the matter?

OPHELIA

O my lord, my lord, I have been so affrighted!

OPHELIA

Oh, father, father, I’ve just had such a scare!

POLONIUS

With what, i’ th’ name of God?

POLONIUS

From what, in God’s name?

OPHELIA

My lord, as I was sewing in my closet,

Lord Hamlet, with his doublet all unbraced;

No hat upon his head; his stockings fouled,

Ungartered, and down-gyvèd to his ankle;

Pale as his shirt; his knees knocking each other;

And with a look so piteous in purport

As if he had been loosèd out of hell

To speak of horrors—he comes before me.

OPHELIA

Father, I was up in my room sewing when Hamlet came in with no hat on his head, his shirt unbuttoned, and his stockings dirty, undone, and down around his ankles. He was pale as his undershirt, and his knees were knocking together. He looked so out of sorts, as if he’d just come back from hell. He came up to me.

POLONIUS

Mad for thy love?

POLONIUS

Is he crazy with love for you?

OPHELIA

My lord, I do not know.

But truly, I do fear it.

OPHELIA

I’m not sure, but I’m afraid he might be.

POLONIUS

What said he?

POLONIUS

What did he say?

OPHELIA

He took me by the wrist and held me hard.

Then goes he to the length of all his arm,

And, with his other hand thus o’er his brow,

He falls to such perusal of my face

As he would draw it. Long stayed he so.

At last, a little shaking of mine arm

And thrice his head thus waving up and down,

He raised a sigh so piteous and profound

As it did seem to shatter all his bulk

And end his being. That done, he lets me go,

And, with his head over his shoulder turned,

He seemed to find his way without his eyes,

For out o’ doors he went without their helps,

And to the last bended their light on me.

OPHELIA

He grabbed me by the wrist and held me hard, then backed away an arm’s length and just looked at me, staring at me like an artist about to paint my picture. He stayed like that a long time. Finally, after shaking my arm a little, and jerking his head up and down three times, he sighed like it was his last breath. After that he let me go. He left the room with his head turned back on me, finding his way out without looking, since his eyes were on me the whole time.

POLONIUS

Come, go with me. I will go seek the king.

This is the very ecstasy of love,

Whose violent property fordoes itself

And leads the will to desperate undertakings

As oft as any passion under heaven

That does afflict our natures. I am sorry.

What, have you given him any hard words of late?

POLONIUS

Come with me. I’ll go tell the king about this. This is definitely love-craziness. Love is such a violent emotion that it makes people self-destruct, as much as any strong emotion. I’m so sorry. Did you tell him anything that might have hurt his feelings lately?

OPHELIA

No, my good lord. But as you did command

I did repel his fetters and denied

His access to me.

OPHELIA

No, father, but I did what you told me to do and sent back his letters and wouldn’t let him visit me.

POLONIUS

That hath made him mad.

I am sorry that with better heed and judgment

I had not quoted him. I feared he did but trifle

And meant to wreck thee. But beshrew my jealousy!

By heaven, it is as proper to our age

To cast beyond ourselves in our opinions

As it is common for the younger sort

To lack discretion. Come, go we to the king.

This must be known, which, being kept close, might move

More grief to hide than hate to utter love.

Come.

POLONIUS

That’s what made him crazy. I regret not observing him more closely before I told you to do that. I thought he was just toying with you and meant to ruin your reputation. Damn my suspicious thoughts! It’s as common for us old people to assume we know more than we do as for young people to be too wild and crazy. Come on, let’s go see the king. We’ve got to discuss this matter, which could cause more trouble if we keep it secret than if we discuss it openly.

Exeunt

They exit.