Hamlet

Act 4, Scene 4

Enter FORTINBRAS with his army and a CAPTAIN

FORTINBRAS enters with his army and a CAPTAIN.

FORTINBRAS

Go, Captain, from me greet the Danish king

Tell him that, by his license, Fortinbras

Craves the conveyance of a promised march

Over his kingdom. You know the rendezvous.

If that his majesty would aught with us,

We shall express our duty in his eye,

And let him know so.

FORTINBRAS

Go, Captain, and give the Danish king my greetings. Tell him that Fortinbras asks permission to move his troops across Denmark. You know the meeting place we’ve arranged. If His Majesty wants us to do any favor for him, tell him his wish is my command.

CAPTAIN

I will do ’t, my lord.

CAPTAIN

I’ll tell him, my lord.

FORTINBRAS

Go softly on.

FORTINBRAS

Go ahead, then.

Exeunt all except the CAPTAIN

Everyone except the CAPTAIN exits.

Enter HAMLET, ROSENCRANTZ, GUILDENSTERN, and others

HAMLET, ROSENCRANTZ, GUILDENSTERN, and others enter.

HAMLET

Good sir, whose powers are these?

HAMLET

Sir, whose troops are these?

CAPTAIN

They are of Norway, sir.

CAPTAIN

The king of Norway’s, sir.

HAMLET

How purposed, sir, I pray you?

HAMLET

What are they doing here, sir?

CAPTAIN

Against some part of Poland.

CAPTAIN

They’re on their way to invade some part of Poland.

HAMLET

Who commands them, sir?

HAMLET

Who’s commanding them, sir?

CAPTAIN

The nephew to old Norway, Fortinbras.

CAPTAIN

The nephew of the old king of Norway, Fortinbras.

HAMLET

Goes it against the main of Poland, sir,

Or for some frontier?

HAMLET

Is he attacking the heartland of Poland or some frontier?

CAPTAIN

Truly to speak, and with no addition,

We go to gain a little patch of ground

That hath in it no profit but the name.

To pay five ducats, five, I would not farm it.

Nor will it yield to Norway or the Pole

A ranker rate, should it be sold in fee.

CAPTAIN

To tell the truth, we’re fighting to win a little patch of ground that’s not worth anything. I myself wouldn’t pay five ducats for it, if someone offered it to me to farm. And it won’t provide any more profits than that to either the Norwegian or the Pole.

HAMLET

Why, then the Polack never will defend it.

HAMLET

So then the Poles won’t be willing to defend it.

CAPTAIN

Yes, it is already garrisoned.

CAPTAIN

Oh, yes they will. They’ve already stationed troops there.

HAMLET

Two thousand souls and twenty thousand ducats

Will not debate the question of this straw.

This is th’ impostume of much wealth and peace,

That inward breaks and shows no cause without

Why the man dies.—I humbly thank you, sir.

HAMLET

(to himself) Even two thousand men and twenty-thousand ducats are just the beginning of what it will cost to settle this pointless matter. This is what happens when countries have too much money and peace. This quarrel is like an abcess that grows inside someone until it bursts and kills them, and no one knows why. (to the CAPTAIN)* Thank you very much for the information, sir.

CAPTAIN

God be wi’ you, sir.

CAPTAIN

Good-bye, sir.

Exit CAPTAIN

The CAPTAIN exits.

ROSENCRANTZ

Will ’t please you go, my lord?

ROSENCRANTZ

Will you please come now, my lord?

HAMLET

I’ll be with you straight. Go a little before.

HAMLET

I’ll be there in a minute. Start without me.

Exeunt all except HAMLET

Everyone except HAMLET exits.

How all occasions do inform against me,

And spur my dull revenge! What is a man

If his chief good and market of his time

Be but to sleep and feed? A beast, no more.

Sure, he that made us with such large discourse,

Looking before and after, gave us not

That capability and godlike reason

To fust in us unused. Now, whether it be

Bestial oblivion, or some craven scruple

Of thinking too precisely on th’ event—

A thought which, quartered, hath but one part wisdom

And ever three parts coward—I do not know

Why yet I live to say “This thing’s to do,”

Sith I have cause and will and strength and means

To do ’t. Examples gross as earth exhort me.

Witness this army of such mass and charge

Led by a delicate and tender prince,

Whose spirit with divine ambition puffed

Makes mouths at the invisible event,

Exposing what is mortal and unsure

To all that fortune, death, and danger dare,

Even for an eggshell. Rightly to be great

Is not to stir without great argument,

But greatly to find quarrel in a straw

When honor’s at the stake. How stand I then,

That have a father killed, a mother stained,

Excitements of my reason and my blood,

And let all sleep—while, to my shame, I see

The imminent death of twenty thousand men,

That for a fantasy and trick of fame

Go to their graves like beds, fight for a plot

Whereon the numbers cannot try the cause,

Which is not tomb enough and continent

To hide the slain? Oh, from this time forth,

My thoughts be bloody, or be nothing worth!

My God! Everything I see shows me how wrong I am and tells me to hurry up and get on with my revenge. What is a human being if he just eats and sleeps? Nothing more than a beast. God didn’t create us with such a huge power of thought and a divine capacity for reason in order for us not to use them. Now, whether it’s animal-like mindlessness, or the cowardly hesitation that comes from thinking too much (thinking thoughts that are one part wisdom, three parts cowardice), I don’t know why I’m still alive to say “I have to do this deed” rather than having done it already. I have the motivation, the willpower, the ability, and the means to do it. It’s as plain as the ground beneath my feet that I must do it. Look at this massive army led by a delicate and tender prince who’s so puffed up with divine ambition that he puts his fragile life at risk, exposing it to danger and death, for a reason as thin as an eggshell. To be truly great doesn’t mean you’d only fight for a good reason. It means you’d fight over nothing if your honor was at stake. So where does that leave me, whose father has been murdered and mother defiled, ignoring these mental and emotional provocations and letting well enough alone? Meanwhile, to my shame, I watch twenty thousand men go marching to their deaths for an illusion and a little bit of fame, fighting for a tiny piece of land not even big enough to bury them all. From now on, if my thoughts aren’t violent I’ll consider them worthless.

Exit

He exits.